Method of forming sand molds.



N0.` 704,952.. Patented luly l5, |902.`

S. J. ADAMS.

METHOD 0F FUBMING, SAND MDL-DS.

' @application med Feb. 1, 1901.; -(Ilo Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

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No. :114,952vr Pafenfedjuly l5, i902.

. Y S. J. ADAMS.

METHOD 0F FUBMINGSAND HOLDS. (Appummn med Feb. 1, m01.)

(llo Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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*MMM* JMW... i www@ UNITED STATE-s: PATENT OFFICE.

STEPHEN .IARVIS ADAMS, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TOAMARCELLIN C. ADAMS, OF PITTSBRG, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD oF FoRMlNc SAND Monos.

SPECIFICATIGN forming part of Letters Patent No. YO-4,952, dated J' uly15, 1902.

Original application filed May 1l, 1894, Serial No. 510,846. DividedandY this application tiled February l, 1901. Serial Nrn/15,591. (Nomodel.)

To @ZZ whom' t may concern: compacted mold in which the defect of com-Beit known thatl, STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS, panting the sand above thepattern more than a resident of 'Pittsburgin the county of Alaround thesame is overcome.

legheny and State of Pennsylvania, have in- In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure lis 5 vented a new and useful Improvement in aperspective view illustrating the cutting od 55 Methods of Forming SandMolds; and I do of the upper face of the mold. Figs. 2 to 5 herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, are' detail sectional viewsillustrating the opand exact description thereof. erations of formingthe mold. Fig. 6 is a My invention relates to a method offormperspective view of the top confining-plate.

lo ing sand molds; audits object is to provide Fig. is a perspectiveview of the guard- 6o an especially-rapid method for forming sand platefor the mold. Fig. 8 is aV perspective molds having in or on one sidethereof one View of the formed mold. Fig. 9 is a secmold-face vand in oron the opposite side tional view of a line of molds, and Fig. 10 isthereof another mold-face, the respective a side view of the same.

mold-faces of the series of, molds fitting tc- In the parent application.referred to is 65 gether, so as to make la complete mold-, cavshown,described, and claimed mechanism ity-such, for example, as a .mold forformwhich is largely automatic for carrying out ing brake-shoes. Themolds thus'formed are this -method; but in the present case only soinclosed within flasks whichstand onV end, rmuchof said apparatus isdisclosed as Will 2o and said asks are arranged in such a man; makeclear the manner of forming the mold, 7o ner that the two faces of therespectivemolds it being `understood that any. suitable mechare placedtogether to forma' mold-cavity. 'anism or implements may be employed inThevobject ofthe present invention is Vtoplace of the mechanicalelements shown. perform thenecessary steps ofthe method vin Insaiddrawings, l represents a table for a manner to insure therapidmakingof molds supportingthe .removable and interchange- 75 of thiskind. Y v vable plate. 2,uponpiwhich the flask 3 rests.

Mechanism for conveniently, practically, Lirepresentsatop plate orabutment adapted and automatically'carryingout the said methto bearagainst the confining or pattern plate od is disclosed in my applicationiiled May 5, and 6 represents a plate upon which the 3o 11, 1894, SerialNo. 510,846, of which applicapatterns I7 rest,` which plate in turn issup- 8o tion the present one is a division.- ported by blocks or bars 8upon a reciprocat- The method, generally stated, consists in ing table9, mounted upon suitable rods l0, filling the space within ,the flaskand around which are elevated at the proper time by cam and over thepatterns with sand, then cutmechanism, (not showm) as described in theting or planing o' thesand to an irregular parent application, theoperation being that 85 shape corresponding toone face of the mold,after the preliminary forming of the mold, as then confining the sand bya mold-plate corhereinafter described, the top plate or abut-Vresponding to the shape of this face of the mentiis brought against theconning or pate mold to be formed, and then completing the tern plate 5,and the rods l0 are reciprocated 4o mold by forcing the pattern auditsplat-e into by suitable mechanism in order to press the 9o the same fromthe opposite side, so as to compattern up into: the iiask, the flaskbeing snppact the sand against such conining-plate. ported during theentire operation upon the In this manner the mold is rapidly formedjplatemZ. The mechanismen far-described, and the sand is evenlypackedfandit is made however, is no part of the invention claimedpossible by the` planing off of the sand in a in this application andmay be replacedoby 95 line corresponding substantially to one face anyother suitable mechanism for supporting of the mold and then supportingthe sand by the iiask, confining the pattern-plate 5, and apattern-plate conforming to that face and pressing the pattern 7 intothe sand in the then compressing 4the'pattern into the same iiask. A

5o from the opposite side to obtain an evenly- The drawings illustratethe method in con roo' nection with the formation of molds for makingbrake-shoes, and in the making of such molds it is necessary that thereshall be a flask in which the mold is to be formed and a proper means tosupport the same, the flask 3 being preferably made of cast-iron andrests upon lthe removable and interchangeable flask-supporting plate 2,which is supported on the table 1 and which corresponds in shape to theedge of the flask, it being preferable, as described in the parentapplication above referred to, to employ a flask the lower edges ofwhich are irregular and which correspond approximately to the shape ofthe mold to be formed, so as to give better support therefor. As theinvention is illustrated in connection with the making of brake-shoeswhich have one face concave corresponding to the curve of the wheel andthe body made of substantially the same curve, the flasks have the endwalls 11 and the side walls 12, the central edges of the side wallsbeing curved, corresponding to the general curve or general contour ofthe brake-shoe-that is, they have on one edge the curved projectingportion 13 and at the other edge the curved depression 14. Theflask-plate 2 corresponds in shape to the lower edge of the flask,having a curved projection (not shown) fitting into the curved recess 14of the flask-body in order to give better support to the same and soclosing that part of the flask. The interior faces of the flask and thewalls of the opening in the flask-plate correspond, and the flask-platehas a downwardly-hanging ange 15, forming a pocket or reservoir 16 forsand below the flask, the base of which pocket or reservoir is formed bythe stripping-plate 17. The flaskplate carries suitable guides l(notshown) for cent ering the flask thereupon,as will be readily understood.As the two faces of the molds beyond the mold-cavities must ofcoursecorrespond with each other, and in this method of molding the face onone side of the mold is a counterpart of that on the other side, and asthe stripping-plate 17 forms the mold-face around the mold-cavity thisstripping-plate corresponds in outline to the two corresponding faces tobe formed upon the mold, and therefore has the curved projectingportions 18 on each side of and between the patterns 7, which impart thenecessary curvature or form to the mold-face to fit the opposite face ofthe adjoining mold. The other or opposite surface of the mold is formedby the plate 5, which is irregular in shape and corresponds to themold-face desired to be formed. This plate 5 is shown as resting on theflask 3 and has the curved depression 19 corresponding to the curvedportions 13 of the flask and corresponding to the curve of thebrake-shoe face, and its molding position is even with` the top edge ofthe flask. This confining or pattern plate is illustrated as having arib 2O thereon to form a runner on that mold-face. This runner may,however, be formed by a projection on the stripping-plate 17, ifdesired, a plain top plate of the desired curve or general outline beingused. Such rib, however, serves tovillustrate any desired projection toform any desired cavity in that moldface.

In the formation of molds it is very desirable that the amount of sandto be compressed in any part of the same shall be such that when thepressure is applied it will be evenly compacted throughout, and as thepatterns for brake-shoes are formed on a curve and the top surface ofthe mold is to be curved I bring the top surface of the mold before itis compressed tosubstantially the form of the finished mold-that is, Ieven off the sand, so that its top face is irregular in shape,corresponding substantially inshape to the confining or pattern plate 5.This I accomplish by placing on the flask a feeding-reservoir 20, havingthe lower edges of its sides formed with curved depressions 22,corresponding in shape to the depression 19 on the lower face of theplate 5 and having its front lower edge forming a cutter or planer. Thesand is filled into this feeding-reservoir, it being preferred that thesand be fed from a suitable overhead carrier, so that it is brought inthe mold-cavity in a mealy condition, and as soon as the mold isflled tothe proper height the operator slides off said top reservoir over thesurface of the flask, which planes or cuts off the sand to a shapecorresponding to the lower face of the confining or pattern plate 5. Inorder to hold the reservoirinlineforsuchplaningor cutting off operation,guideways 23 are arranged back of the flask, being supported on thetable 1, and the feeding-reservoir travels along such guideways whichcorrespond in line to the top of the flask, so giving support to thefeedingreservoir in its stroke across the flask. The sand which is cutor planed off in this way passes down the chute 24intoasuit-able hopperand may be carried back again to the overhead hopper.

j It will thus be seen that in the formation of the molds the patternsextend up within the molding-space of the flask and the stripping-plate17 fits around such patterns, leaving below the flask the sand-space 16around and between the patterns, this being the position in which theparts of the molding apparatus rest in preparing to make the mold andthe steps being to place the flask upon the flask-plate 2, place thefeeding-reservoir thereon, feed the sand into the molding-space, slidethe feeding-reservoir 21 over the flask, so bringing the top of the sandto the proper contour and discharging the surplus sand down the chute24, place the top pattern-plate 5 upon the flask and hold the same byany suitable retaining means, such as the plate 4 shown, and then forcethe patterns and stripping-plate 17 into Vthe opposite side of the flaskby any suitable means, such as the plate 6 shown, thereby compressingthe sand between the top pattern-plate 5 on the one side and thestripping-plate 17 and patterns IIO on the opposite side, said pattern-plate 5 forming one face of the finished mold and the stripping-plateforming the opposite face of the mold, which conforms to the face formedby the pattern-plate, while the patterns form the desired cavitiestherein. In the mechanism shown in the parent application referredto themovement of the patterns is made shorter than that. of thestrippingplate and the patterns and the stripping-plate travel togetherat about the same speed until the patterns are raised to their fullheight, and as it is desirable to have the sand packed rmly around theedges of the mold-cavities and on the front face of the mold thestripping-plate 17 continues to move after the pattern ceases for ashort distance until said plate is brought even with the flask-plate 2.The mold so made has one face formed by the `top pattern-plate 5 and hasbeen packed by the pressure of the sand against that plate as thepatterns were raised. and the other face having the cavities formedtherein by the patterns, the two faces being thus formed in the mold atone operation. lf desired,

Yslight depressions or projections can be formed by means of the toppattern-plate, the hollour or curved portion of the same giving thecurved face for forming the concave face of the brake-shoe,and the ribextending along said plate, forming a runner leading to themold-cavities. In Figs. 2 to 5 the different positions of the patternsand stripping-plate are shown in diagrammatic views, Fig. 2 showing theposition to receive the sand, the patterns extending slightly into theflask and the stripping-plate being at its lowest position so as to formthe reservoir 16 below the flask, Fig. 3 showing the upward movement ofthe patterns and stripping-plate and the point at which the patternsstop, the stripping-plate not having reached its highest position, Fig.4: showing the stripping plate raised toits highest position, and Fig. 5showing the patterns withdrawn to their lowest position, thestripping-plate remaining in its highest position, and the next positionbeing that shown in Fig. 2, the patterns being again raised and thestripping-plate lowered with the parts again in position to receivesand'. The mold is then ready to be removed. To protect the mold whilebeing removed,a guardplate 26, corresponding substantially to the .shapeof the upper face of the mold, is rst placed upon the iiask and theiiask rocked over until it rests thereon. Thisguard-plate has lugs 27 2829 fitting above, below, and at the side of the iiask to hold itinposition thereon, and has also handles 8O for carrying the iiask bymeans of the guard-plate and placing it on the foundry-licor, as shownin Fig. 10. It will be noticed in said figure that the flasks haveguide-lips 3l projecting out therefrom and fitting against guide-lugs32, by which the lask when carried out by the guard-plate is directed toexact position in the line of molds. It will also be noticed that thelower edges of these iiasks diagonally 0pposite the projectingguide-lips 3l rest upon the su pport, while the bases directly undersaid projecting guide-lips recede, so that each flask when placed inposition rests upon its outer lower edge 33, while it is closed to themold against which it is placed and is raised from. the support, andthere -is therefore a tendency for the iiask with the mold therein topress against the adjacent mold in building up the row or series ofmolds, the outer lower edges 33, above referred to, so forming asupporting-bearing for the flask only at one side of the lower endthereof and causing such iiask to swing or press against the adjoiningflask.

It' a section of a continuous runner is to be.

formed in the mold, this may be accomplished by forcing a cutter or prodthrough a guidehole 34 in the top pattern-plate until it strikes thestripping-plate 17. The orifices formed by such cutter or prod when themolds are placed face to face, as shown in Fig. 9, form the continuousrunner 35 shown in said figure.

It will be seen from the above that I am enabled to form these sandmolds having mold-faces onpeach side thereof rapidly and by unskilledlabor. Though the mold-faces are of irregular shape, I am enabled by thecutting oi of the sand surface corresponding to one face of the mold toprovide proper proportions of sand above the patterns andstripping-plate for packing and to bring one face of the mold topractically the desired shape, so' that there is no necessity ofmovement et' that portion of sand in the pressing'operation. By cuttinged the sand to practically the shape of the nished mold and employingthe pocket or reservoir below ther iiask the apparatus can be arrangedso that an even packing of the sand within the flask sufficient towithstand the pressure of the mold and yet permit proper venting of themold can be obtained. The mold parts can be made so rapidly that theexpense of this class of'molds is very materially reduced, and whenemployed with the continuous runner extending through the series ofmolds on the foundryfloor and the downtake-runners leading into themold-cavities, as described in my Patent No. 539,209, the necessity ofskilled labor either for the making or pouring of the molds is done awaywith.

What I claim, and desire te secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The herein-described method of making lsand molds having irregularfaces on both IOO IIO

the mold and to compact the mold, and then assembling tWo or more ofsuch molds face to face to form the mold-cavity.

2. The herein-described method of forming sand molds having faces onboth sides thereof each forming part of the Walls of a mold-cavity,which consistsin filling a flask with sand, then cutting or planing oone surface of said sand to an irregular shape corresponding to the faceto be formed on that side of the mold, confining the sand in that shape,and then forcing a pattern from the opposite side of the mold toward theconfining means to compact the mold and form the irregular moldfacesupon both sides thereof.

3. The herein-described method of forming sand molds having faces onboth sides thereof each forming part of the walls ofthe mold-cav- Intestimony whereof I, the said STEPHEN 3o J. ADAMS, have hereunto set myhand.

STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS.

Witnesses:

ROBERT C. TOTTEN, F. W. WINTER.

